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MADHUBANI (BIHAR)
Overview
India is known for its art and culture. Tourists from entire world visit India to admire this Art & Culture. Madhubani is no different. It is a place famous for its art form called Madhubani. Madhubani is a heaven and Mecca for those who love and admire art. When you visit this place, you will experience the impact of this nature based art all around this place whether it’s a street, market or a house. You can feel the Indian culture as soon as you walk in this place. It will not take time for you to fell in love with this place you will not want to leave it.
Madhubani is a town in Madhubani district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated 26km northeast of Darbhanga town and was part of the erstwhile 'Bettiah Raj'. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Bettiah Raj in course of time and as a result of which Madhuban Raj in Madhubani was created. The word "Madhuban" means "Forest of honey" from which Madhubani is derived, but some time it is also known as "madhu"+"vaanri" means "sweet" "voice/language", as the language of this area is peep to listen, so the name "Madhubani" came into picture. Madhubani is the cultural heart of Mithilanchal, being the birthplace of many literary people and home to Madhubani Paintings.
Madhubani is famous for its art and craft all over the world. Madhubani Paintings have a distinct identity because of their unique design and top quality texture. Seen as motifs on bags and dress apparels, Madhubani Paintings are done with utmost care and attention by using vegetable dyes. The people who do these paintings are maestros.
The popularity and the global recognition of this art work are evident from the fact that the home of these maestros has been visited by foreign tourist from 66 countries. Some good number of these foreign tourists has stayed with these maestros in their homes, to learn about this art work. You can do it too.
The paintings are done using handmade paper and mud wall. The colors are natural which are extracted from plants. Madhubani Paintings are mainly focused on nature related themes like sun, moon, tulsi, fish, animals, leaves, flowers, and god and goddess figures. The colors mostly used are all bright colors like red, blue, green, yellow and orange. The outlines are drawn with two lines and the gap between the lines is filled with tiny lines or x mark.
Madhubani painting has been done traditionally by the women of villages around the present town of Madhubani (the literal meaning of which is forests of honey) and other areas of Mithila. The painting was traditionally done on freshly plastered mud wall of huts, but now it is also done on cloth, hand-made paper and canvas.
Paddy is the main crop of this district. Pisciculture is known to be one of the main sources of revenue in the district. Sugar factories present here also helps in income generation for the people living here.
See & Do
Madhubani is a place which is quite famous for its art and culture. You can visit local markets to buy Madhubani paintings. Temples of Goddess Kali and God Kapil are worth seeing. You can also enjoy water sports such as swimming & boating in the rivers that flow through this village.
History and Culture

There are two famous places where you can visit in Madhubani. These are:-
o You can visit temples of Goddess Kali in Madhubani.
o God Kapil’s Temple at Madhubani is another religious temple and is quite famous.
Adventure, Nature & Outdoor Sports
o With many rivers flowing through the town, water related activities and boating can be done for relaxation and enjoyment.
Shopping & Other Things to do
o You can go to local bazaars and shop for Madhubani paintings by local artists. These paintings are famous all over the world. From here you will get cheap and authentic paintings.

Tours Nearby
1. Saurath: It is a village situated on road side of Madhubani-Jaynagar road. It has a famous temple known as Somnath Mahadev. It owes its importance to the annual Sabha held by Maithili Brahmins for negotiating marriages. Many Panjikars who keep the genealogical records of the different families reside here and outside.
2. Kapileswarsthan: It is a village situated nine kilometers from Madhubani District Head Quarter. The village is noted for its Shiva Temple, also known as Kapileswarsthan. Numerous devotees congregate at the temple every Monday and particularly in the month of Shravan. A large fair is also held on the occasion of Maha Shiva Ratri. You will also find some small stalls near this temple serving local food. It is very cheap and tasty too.
3. Uchaitha:
The village in Benipatti block consists of temple of Bhagwati on the western bank of river Thumne. It is said that the renowned Sanskrit poet and dramatist Kalidas was blessed by Bhagwati at this place.
4. Bhawanipur:
It is a large village situated 5kms from the block headquarter of Pandaul; the village is noted for its temple of Ugaranath and traditional association with famous poet, Vidyapati. As the legend says, Vidyapati was such a great devotee of Lord Shiva that the latter began to serve Vidyapati as his servant named Ugana.
5. You can also visit Darbhanga town situated 26km from Madhubani. There you will Palaces built by Maharajah of Darbhanga.
6.
There are plenty of temples dedicated to mother goddess (primarily Kali and Durga) built by erstwhile kings of Darbhanga. Major temples include Shyama Kali temple and Kankali temple. Darbhanga.
7. Darbhanga Fort is another attraction for outsiders coming to the city.
8. Darbhanga is also known for its ponds and you will find hundreds of them across this city. Some of the major ones are Harahi (in front of Railway station), Dighi and Gangasagar.

How to reach
It is not too difficult to reach Madhubani but the roads are in very bad shape. So you need to watch your head when you are in the car. You can reach Madhubani by any means:

By Road
Madhubani is directly linked with Darbhanga district by National Highway 104.

By Rail
Madhubani Railways station is directly linked with Darbhanga junction.

By Air
The nearest airport is at Patna from where regular flights are available to all important towns and cities across the country.

Connectivity
· Nearest Railway Station: Madhubani (R S)
· Nearest Airport: Patna



Foods & Restaurants
Makhana (Gorgon nut or Fox nut) is a local aquatic food product of this region. Puddings and salted delicacies made of Makhana are famous in this region. Other local delicacies include chuda-dahi and sattu. For non-vegetarians, fish in mustard paste will be the most rewarding experience. Mainly in this district you have rice based cuisines. Most people prefer simple food consisting of Rice, Chapatti, Pulses, vegetables and Pickle. Yet you will be amazed that Non- Vegetarian food is better then Vegetarian food served here.
There are plenty of restaurants across Darbhanga who serve Indian, European and Indian variant of Chinese food. Some of the well known are Rajasthan, Mithai Ghar and Basera at Darbhanga Tower and Ganga Executive club inside Darbhanga Fort.
Lassi is something that every Indian likes and we easily talk miles and miles without stopping if you have a glass of lassi with you. You can discuss the whole world over a glass of lassi at any of the lassi counters across this city. Other important drink is sattu mixed with water and sugar or salt. My lassi shop is very famous named....Raman
Quick Facts

Getting There
State
Bihar
District

Madhubani
Coordinates

26°37' N, Longitude: 86°08' E
Official language(s)

Maithili, English, Hindi
Madhubani Climate / Weather

Winter: 5-10 degree F; Summer: 35-45 degree F

Nearest Airport
Patna (20 km)
Nearest Train Stations
Madhubani Railway Station
Main Road Highways
National Highway 104
Best time to visit
October to March

DESCRIPTION ON EVENT

Michael Jackson’s Public Memorial was held on June 7,2009 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles,1030 LA time (1830 BST).8,750 Michael Jackson fans were chosen to attend his memorial service after they have been picked up in a random draw to receive tickets.



Objectives and Target Audience-
· To pay tribute to a legendary singer Michael Jackson.
· To get his fans get together and make them get the look of his coffin for the last time.
· To turn all the odds into evens so that his soul rests in peace.
· He was a public figure so everybody wants to see off him in style.
· World over fans of Michael Jackson were the main target audience which includes youngsters and kids.


About the event-

Mariah Carey, Stevie Wonder, Smokey Robinson, and Lionel Richie were the main stars who performed on Jackson’s Memorial Service.
The event was done on a large scale it was mainly done to attract audience from the whole world.Michael Jackson’s coffin was placed on the stage.The coffin was made of gold and was decorated with flowers.The background of the whole stage was navy blue.The auditorium’s environment was grayish black.Everybody was dressed in black.Eminent singers sang beautiful songs to pay a tribute to him which brought tears in the eyes of the audience.Hollywood actors and actresses spoke few words in his memory.
Eminent personalities like Barack Obama and Nelson Mandela sent their condolence to the Jackson family.
The event ended with a heartful song “We are the world..We are the children…”




EK CHIDIYA VS BIGBABOOL ADVERTISEMENT

EK Chidiya was an advertisement designed to convey social message while bigbabool was a commercial advertisement designed to sell the product. Ek chidiya was a 2D animation. The frames in the advertisement were moving one by one and the colours were also not so bright. Moreover it was a very long advertisement with human voice and classical music used. The movement is basically one frame at a time and technology used in this ad is quite old and there is no camera movement as such. On the other hand Bigbabool is a 3d animation. There is multiple frame movement and colours tend to look bright and original. You can say that there is much more reality in this advertisement then the Ek Chidiya. The voices are computer generated and human at times and all over good sound effects can be heard. Also there is very good detailing of frames in this ad. Every character was moving simultaneously. Moreover there are hand drawn images in Ek Chidiya Advertisement but in the bigbabool advertisement, the images are computer generated All in all there is a technology gap between both ads and one is 2D and the other is 3D.

CHULBULI


Chulbuli is a commercial advertisement and is quite attractive and big. It is a 2D animation but it looks quite good. There is multiple frame movement and camera movement can also be seen throughout the Advertisement. The colors used are quite original and bright and good detailing is done in the animation. The voice is human generated and the background music is computer generated. The advertisement looks real and every frame looks perfect and everything in the frame is placed perfectly. The ad is very long but conveys the message attractively and innovatively. According to my opinion the ad was a big time success. The words, music and animation used in the ad are appreciable. The message is quite simple and clear and has been turned into a story in such a way that people enjoy the advertisement. I liked the way character is designed and movement of the character in the frame.

THE JUNGLE BOOK

The jungle book is one of the oldest animated tales when we talk about animations. The advertisement is quite old but is wonderful. Hand drawn background have been used but with much more reality. The ad looks quite real. Camera movement can also be notices and frame movement is appreciable. The colors are very bright but I think there is some sort of reality missing if you talk about only colors. The ad does appeal to me in terms of camera movements and frame design and considering the technology used, I think it is quite good. If I have to rate the advertisement I will give it 8 on 10.


EVENT MANAGEMENT


Promotional Events of the Movie - New York
Venue – Ambience Mall (Gurgoan)

Recently I went to Ambience Mall and came to know that there will be an event for the promotion of the recent bollywood movie New York starring John Ebrahim, Katrina Kaif and Neil Nitin Mukesh. I was exited and everybody was as they were about to witness there dream stars performing live in front of them. The event management team was setting up the fencings and red carpets and creating stage. More then 30 workers were working as the show has to start at 4pm in the evening. The event was suppose to carry on for 2 days in Delhi followed by 4days in Mumbai , 3days in Kolkata and 1 day in Banglore.

When I reached at 11AM, I found out that only fencing was placed and nothing else but I was amazed when I saw that at 3.30 pm everything was ready and organized. I liked the Ambience and Environment created by this event team. The speed they worked with and the way they were handling and entertaining the crowd was appriciable and hats off to all of them. The stage was wonderful and was looking like a Movie Set and was giving the feel as if we are about to watch the Movie Live. The quality of music and mics were fantastic and everything was heard loud and clear to all corners of Ambience Mall. The planning and organization was perfect and efforts were visible. Team was neatly dressed and was quite visible amongst all. They were very humble and decent as I had a talk with one of them.
To Conclude with my opinion as a student of event management, I would like to say just one word for this event “IT WAS EXCELLENT” and the event management team deserves an applaud.






UNIPOLAR AND BIPOLAR WORLD. IT’S RELEVENCE

To understand the concept of unipolar and bipolar world we need to understand what a superpower is.
Unipolar world is when only one country or power dominates the society whereas bipolar world is when more then one superpower dominates the society

A superpower is a state with a leading position in the international system and the ability to influence events and its own interests and project power on a worldwide scale to protect those interests; it is traditionally considered to be one step higher than a great power. Alice Lyman Miller (Professor of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School), defines a superpower as "a country that has the capacity to project dominating power and influence anywhere in the world, and sometimes, in more than one region of the globe at a time, and so may plausibly attain the status of global hegemony." It was a term first applied in 1944 to the United States, the Soviet Union, and the British Empire. Following World War II, as the British Empire transformed itself into the Commonwealth and its territories became independent, the Soviet Union and the United States generally came to be regarded as the only two superpowers, and confronted each other in the Cold War.
After the Cold War, the most common belief held that only the United States fulfilled the criteria to be considered a superpower, although it is a matter of debate whether it is hegemony or if it is a besieged global power. The European Union, Republic of India, People's Republic of China, and Russia are also thought to have the potential of achieving superpower status within the 21st century. Others doubt the existence of superpowers in the post Cold War era altogether, stating that today's complex global marketplace and the rising interdependency between the world's nations has made the concept of a superpower an idea of the past and that the world is now multipolar.

Application of the term

The term superpower was used to describe nations with greater than great power status as early as 1944, but only gained its specific meaning with regard to the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II.
There have been attempts to apply the term superpower retrospectively, and sometimes very loosely, to a variety of past entities such as Ancient, Persian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Roman Empire,[11][12] the Mongol Empire, Portuguese Empire, the Spanish Empire[13][14], the Kingdom, Republic and Empire of France the Dutch Republic and the British Empire.
Recognition by historians of these older states as superpowers may focus on various superlative traits exhibited by them. For example, at its peak the British Empire was the largest the world had ever seen with 1 in every 4 people in the world living under its flag.
Origin

The term in its current political meaning was coined by Dutch-American geostrategist Nicholas Spykman in a series of lectures in 1943 about the potential shape of a new post-war world order. This formed the foundation for the book The Geography of the Peace, which referred primarily to the unmatched maritime global supremacy of the United Kingdom and United States as essential for peace and prosperity in the world. A year later, William T.R. Fox, an American foreign policy professor, elaborated on the concept in the book The Superpowers: The United States, Britain and the Soviet Union – Their Responsibility for Peace (1944), which spoke of the global reach of a super-empowered nation. Fox used the word Superpower to identify a new category of power able to occupy the highest status in a world in which, as the war then raging demonstrated, states could challenge and fight each other on a global scale. According to him, there were (at that moment) three states that were superpowers: Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union. The British Empire was the most extensive empire in world history, which was considered the foremost great power and by 1921, held sway over 25% of the world's population and controlled about 25% of the Earth's total land area, while the United States and the Soviet Union grew in power in World War II.

Characteristics

The criteria of a superpower are not clearly defined and as a consequence they may differ between sources.
According to Lyman Miller, "The basic components of superpower stature may be measured along four axes of power: military, economic, political, and cultural (or what political scientist Joseph Nye has termed “soft power”).
In the opinion of Kim Richard Nossal of Queen's University, "generally this term was used to signify a political community that occupied a continental-sized landmass, had a sizable population (relative at least to other major powers); a super ordinate economic capacity, including ample indigenous supplies of food and natural resources; enjoyed a high degree of non-dependence on international intercourse; and, most importantly, had a well-developed nuclear capacity (eventually normally defined as second-strike capability)."
In the opinion of Professor Paul Dukes, "a superpower must be able to conduct a global strategy including the possibility of destroying the world; to command vast economic potential and influence; and to present a universal ideology". Although, "many modifications may be made to this basic definition".
According to Professor June Teufel Dreyer, "A superpower must be able to project its power, soft and hard, globally."




Cold War

The 1956 Suez Crisis suggested that Britain, financially weakened by two world wars, could not then pursue its foreign policy objectives on an equal footing with the new superpowers without sacrificing convertibility of its reserve currency as a central goal of policy.[22] As the majority of World War II had been fought far from its national boundaries, the United States had not suffered the industrial destruction or massive civilian casualties that marked the wartime situation of the countries in Europe or Asia. The war had reinforced the position of the United States as the world's largest long-term creditor nation and its principal supplier of goods; moreover it had built up a strong industrial and technological infrastructure that had greatly advanced its military strength into a primary position on the global stage.
Despite attempts to create multinational coalitions or legislative bodies (such as the United Nations), it became increasingly clear that the superpowers had very different visions about what the post-war world ought to look like, and after the withdrawal of British aid to Greece in 1947 the United States took the lead in containing Soviet expansion in the Cold War. The two countries opposed each other ideologically, politically, militarily, and economically. The Soviet Union promoted the ideology of communism, whilst the United States promoted the ideologies of liberal democracy and the free market. This was reflected in the Warsaw Pact and NATO military alliances, respectively, as most of Europe became aligned either with the United States or the Soviet Union. These alliances implied that these two nations were part of an emerging bipolar world, in contrast with a previously multi-polar world.

The idea that the Cold War period revolved around only two blocs, or even only two nations, has been challenged by some scholars in the post-Cold War era, who have noted that the bipolar world only exists if one ignores all of the various movements and conflicts that occurred without influence from either of the two superpowers. Additionally, much of the conflict between the superpowers was fought in "proxy wars", which more often than not involved issues more complex than the standard Cold War oppositions.
After the Soviet Union disintegrated in the early 1990s, the term hyper power began to be applied to the United States, as the sole remaining superpower of the Cold War era. This term, coined by French foreign minister Hubert Védrine in the 1990s, is controversial and the validity of classifying the United States in this way is disputed. One notable opponent to this theory, Samuel P. Huntington, rejects this theory in favor of a multipolar balance of power.
Other International Relations theorists, such as Henry Kissinger, theorize that because the threat of the Soviet Union no longer exists to formerly American-dominated regions such as Japan and Western Europe, American influence is only declining since the end of the Cold War, because such regions no longer need protection or have necessarily similar foreign policies as the United States.


Post Cold War (1991-Present)

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 that ended the Cold War, the post-Cold War world was sometimes considered as aunipolar world, with the United States as the world's sole remaining superpower. In the words of Samuel P. Huntington, "The United States, of course, is the sole state with preeminence in every domain of power — economic, military, diplomatic, ideological, technological, and cultural — with the reach and capabilities to promote its interests in virtually every part of the world."
Experts argue that this older assessment of global politics was too simplified, in part because of the difficulty in classifying the European Union at its current stage of development. Others argue that the notion of a superpower is outdated, considering complex global economic interdependencies, and propose that the world is multi-polar. According to Samuel P. Huntington, "There is now only one superpower. But that does not mean that the world is aunipolar. A aunipolar system would have one superpower, no significant major powers, and many minor powers." Huntington thinks, "Contemporary international politics" ... "is instead a strange hybrid, a uni-multipolar system with one superpower and several major powers."
Additionally, there has been some recent speculation that the United States is declining in relative power as the rest of the world rises to match its levels of economic and technological development. Citing economic hardships, Cold War allies becoming less dependent on the United States, a declining dollar, and the rise of other great powers around the world, some experts have suggested the possibility of America losing its superpower status in the distant future or even at the present.

Potential superpowers

Academics and other qualified commentators sometimes identify potential superpowers thought to have a strong likelihood of being recognized as superpowers in the 21st century. The record of such predictions has not been perfect. For example in the 1980s some commentators thought Japan would become a superpower, due to its large GDP and high economic growth at the time. However the prediction has not come to fruition.
Due to their large markets, growing military strength, and economic potential and influence in international affairs, the Republic of India, the People's Republic of China, the European Union, and Russia are among the powers which are most often cited as having the ability to influence future world politics and reach the status of superpower in the 21st century. While some believe one (or more) of these countries will replace the United States as a superpower, others believe they will rise to rival, but not replace, the United States. Others have argued that the historical notion of a "superpower" is increasingly anachronistic in the 21st century as increased global integration and interdependence makes the projection of a superpower hard.



CONCLUSION

In my opinion, what we see today is already a multipolar world. Its power centers are the remaining sovereign states, i.e. the United States, China, Russia, India, Brazil, possibly Japan, and also the European Union as an independent integrated entity. Though repeatedly buried, the Westphalian system, based on the supremacy of state sovereignty and on the states’ interaction, now looks much more viable than its grave-diggers would like us to believe. The current global crisis could make sovereignty and independence even more valuable in the eyes of the ruling classes in many countries.